The essential role of farm capital in the sustainability of smallholder farms in West Java (Indonesia)

Open Access

Table 1

Patterns of sustainability based on raw values of the strategic indicators (variables).

Profils de durabilité basés sur les valeurs brutes des indicateurs stratégiques (variables).

Variables	Pattern of sustainability

	1 (n = 77)	2 (n = 89)	3 (n = 84)	4 (n = 60)	5 (n = 45)
(1) Own land per family worker (m²)	339 ± 557^b	385 ± 829^b	766 ± 1876^ab	1493 ± 3143^a	1038 ± 1201^ab
(2) Herd size per family worker (AU)	1.15 ± 0.56^c	1.3 ± 0.65^c	2.12 ± 0.91^b	4.7 ± 3.52^a	2.87 ± 2.84^b
(3) Pluriactivity (%)
Dairy business	59 ± 21^b	86 ± 29^a	82 ± 31^a	89 ± 30^a	65 ± 21^b
Crop	17 ± 21^a	5 ± 21^b	9 ± 24^ab	5 ± 22^b	16 ± 20^ab
Off farm	25 ± 24^a	9 ± 23^bc	9 ± 23^bc	6 ± 22^c	20 ± 22^ab
(4) Total income per family worker (US$ per year)	1268 ± 730^b	812 ± 585^b	1142 ± 975^b	3056 ± 3036^a	2683 ± 2181^a
(5) Farmers want their children to continue dairy business (farms)
No	6	0	42	4	0
Up to the children	21	79	0	17	24
Yes	50	10	42	39	21
(6) Waste evacuation to the river/surrounding area (farms)
All waste	9	40	26	9	0
Partly	43	34	41	22	11
None	25	15	17	29	34

Means in the same column with a different superscript differ significantly (P < 0.05); NS not significant. Source: Survey (2015).

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.