Table 6
Balance between positive and negative perceptions on adoption of conservation agriculture (synthesis between focus group analysis and authors).
Perceptions paysannes positives ou négatives concernant l’adoption des systèmes en agriculture de conservation (synthèse entre l’analyse des focus groupes et les auteurs).
| Positive perception | Negative perception and constraints to sustainable CA adoption | |
|---|---|---|
| Cropping system level | Less tillage, Crop rotation | The 3 principles of CA are rarely all adopted |
| Suppression of fallow, Line planting | Covercrop / associated crop / mulch management | |
| Potential crop yield increase over the years | Associated plant seed management | |
| Intensification in number of crops per cycle (plant association) | Understanding of role and impact of associated plants in CA systems | |
| Large diffusion of ICS | ||
| Farming system level | Strategic vision on 5–7 years | No real improvement in terms of agriculture / livestock integration |
| Less manure on CA plots = more manure on other plots | No diffusion of CA on the total farm upland area | |
| Better farming management linked with the use of notebook and income calculation | Strategy of crop risk minimization poorly compatible with CA adoption during the first years on tanety | |
| Land-use and social level | Mutual aid between CA producers (VSE project [Vallées du sud-est du lac Alaotra]) | Poor respect of social regulations (customary law): free uncontrolled zebu grazing, bushfire, credit… |
| Diffusion of ICS to non-project farmers | Inefficiency and shutdown of farmers’ groups at project’s end | |
| 40% of farmers are really fully autonomous for CA | Poor seed availability | |
| 30% of farmers are permanently non-autonomous | ||
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